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CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES & PROCESS CALCULATION
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgment
List of symbols
1 Units and dimensions
Introduction
Fundamental and derived units
Fundamental quantities
Derived quantities
System of units
Conversion of units
Dimensional consistency of equations
Dimensional equations
Dimensionless group and constant
Dimensionless equation
Dimensional analysis
Rayleigh’s method
Buckingham’s method
Conversion of equation
Graphical method of integration
Least square method
Curve fitting
Regression
Exercises
2 Basic chemical calculations
Introduction
Concept of atom
Moles and mole fraction
Method of expressing the composition mixtures
Equivalent weight
Concept of normality , molarity and molarity
Normality
Molarity
Molality
Concept of PPM
Application of different types of graph
Ordinary graph
Semi-log graph
Log-log graph
Triangular graph
Gases
Ideal gas law
Dalton’s law
Partial pressure
Amagat’s law
Pure component volume
Gaseous mixtures
Relationship between partial , mole fraction of component
Gas to total pressure
Average molecular weight of gas mixture
Density of gas mixture
Non-ideal behavior of gases
Gas-liquid system
Raoult‘s law
Henry; s law
Vapour pressure
Saturated vapour pressure
Unsaturated vapour pressure
Boiling point
Normal boiling point
Effect of temperature on vapour pressure
Vapour pressure of immiscible liquid mixture
Hansbrand chart
Cox chart
Non-volatile solution
Relative vapour pressure
Humidity
Saturated humidity
Percentage of humidity
Relative humidity
Humid heat
Dew point
Dry bulb temperature
Wet bulb temperature
Humidity chart
Humidity vs temperature curve
Humidity vs humid heat line
Specific volume vs temperature line
Adiabatic cooling lines
Application of humidity chart
Humidification
Dehumidification
Mechanism of dehumidification
Approaches to dehumidification
3 Material balance without chemical reactions
Introduction
Classification of material balance without chemical reaction
Guidelines for materials balance without chemical reactions
Various important operations carried out in industry
Distillation
Absorption
Extraction
Crystallization
Drying
Mixing
Evaporation
Bypass operation
Recycle operation
Purging operation
Exercise
4 Material balance with chemical reactions
Introduction
Principle of stoichiometry
Stoichiometric coefficient
Stoichiometric ration
Stoichiometric proportion
Limited reactants
Excess reactant
Percentage of excess reactants
Inerts
Percentage conversion
Percentage yield
Selectivity
Material balance with single chemical reaction
Material balance with multiple chemical reaction
Bypass operation
Recycle operation
Purging operation
Exercises
5 Combustion of fuels
Introduction
Solids fuels
Liquid gaseous fuels
Calorific value of fuels
Analysis of fuel
Ultimate analysis
Proximate analysis
Exercises
6 Energy balances
Introduction
Internal energy
Kinetic energy
Potential energy
General steady state energy balance equation
Thermophysics
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity
Heat capacity at constant pressure
Heat capacity at constant volume
Enthalpy
Heat of formation
Heat of reaction
Heat of combustion
Heat of solution
Heat of mixing
Heat of crystallization
Flame temperature
Heat of condensation
Heat of vaporization
Hess’s law
Exercises
Bibliography
Index