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Material Science
Preface
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Preface to the first Edition
SI Units
Physical Constants
Conversion Factors
Greek Alphabets
1) Introduction
1.1 Material science and Engineering
1.2 Classification of Engineering Materials
1.3 Levels of structure
1.4 Structure-property Relationships in Material
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Suggestions for further reading
1.5 Equilibrium and kinetics
1.6 Stability and met stability
1.7 Basic thermodynamic function
1.8 The statistical nature of entropy
1.9 The kinetics of thermally activated processes
3. Crystal geometry and structure determination
GEOMETRY OF CRYSTALS
3.1 The space lattices
3.2 Space lattices and crystal structures
3.3 Crystal directions and planes
STRUCTURE DETERMINATION BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION
3.4 The Bragg law of X-ray diffraction
3.5 The powder method
3.6 Structure determination
2 ) Atomic Structure and chemical bonding
STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM
4.1 The quantum states
4.2 The periodic table
4.3 Ionization potential, Electron affinity and Electro negativity
CHEMICAL BONDING
4.4 Bond energy , bond type and bond length
4.5 Ionic bonding
4.6 Covalent bonding
4.7 Metallic bonding
4.8 Secondary bonding
4.9 Variation in bonding character and properties
3 STRUCTURE OF SOILDS
5.1 The crystalline and the non crystalline states
INORGANIC SOLIDS
5.2 Covalent solids
5.3 Metals and alloys
5.4 Ionic solids
5.5 The structure of silica and the silicates
POLYMERS
5.6 Classification of polymers
5.7 Structure of long chain polymers
5.8 Crystallinity of long chain polymers
6. Crystal imperfections
6.1 Point imperfections
6.2 The geometry of dislocations
6.3 Other properties of dislocations 131
6.4 Surface Imperfection
Phase Diagrams
7.1 The phase rule
7.2 single-component systems
7.3 Binary phase diagrams
7.4 Micro structural changes during cooling
7.5 The lever rule
7.6 Summary of phase diagram rules
7.7 Some typical phase diagrams
7.8 Other applications of phase diagrams
8 Diffusion in solids
8.1 Fick’s laws of diffusion
8.2 Solution to flick’s second law
8.3Applications based on the second law solution
8.4 The kirkendall effect
8.5 The atomic model of diffusion
8.6 Other diffusion processes
9 Phase transformations
9.1 Time scale for phase changes
NUCLEATION AND GROWTH
9.2 The nucleation kinetics
9.3 The growth and the overall transformation kinetics
APPLICATIONS
9.4 Transformations in steel
9.5 Precipitation processes
9.6 Solidification and crystallization
9.7 The glass transition
9.8 Recovery, Recrystallization and grain growth
10 ELASTIC BEHAVIOUR
10.1 Atomic model of elastic behavior
10.2 The modulus as a parameter in design
10.3 Rubber-like Elasticity
ANELASTIC BEHAVIOUR
10.4 Relaxation processes
VISCOELASTIC BEHAVIOUR
10.5 Spring-dashpot models
11 Plastic deformation and creep in crystalline
Materials
PLASTIC DEFORMATION
11.1 The tensile stress-strain curve
11.2 Plastic deformation by slip
11.3 The shear strength of perfect and real crystals
11.4 The stress to move a dislocation
11.5 The effect of temperature on the stress to move a dislocation
11.6 Multiplication of Dislocations during deformation
11.7 Work hardening and dynamic recovery
11.8 The effect of grain size on dislocation motion
11.9 The effect of solute atoms on dislocation motion
11.10 The effect of precipitate particles on dislocation motion
11.11 Review of strengthening methods
Creep
11.12 Mechanisms of creep
11.13 creep resistant materials
12 Fracture
12.1 Ductile fracture
12.2 Brittle fracture
12.3 Fracture toughness
12.4 The ductile-brittle transition
12.5 Fracture mechanism maps
12.6 Methods of protection against fracture
12.7 Fatigue fracture
13 Oxidation and Corrosion
OXIDATION
13.1 Mechanisms of oxidation
13.2 Oxidation resistant Materials
CORROSION
13.3 The principles of corrosion
13.4 protections against corrosion
14 Conductors and resistors
14.1 The resistivity range
14.2 The free electron theory
14.3 Conductor by free electrons
14.4 Conductor and resistor materials
14.5 Superconducting materials
15 Semiconductors
15.1 The Energy gap in solids
15.2 Intrinsic semiconductors
15.3 Extrinsic semiconductors
15.4 Semiconductor materials
15.5 Fabrication of integrated circuits
15.6 Some semiconductor devices
16 Magnetic Materials
16.1 Terminology and classification
16.2 Magnetic moments due to electron spin
16.3 Ferromagnetism and related phenomena
16.4 The domain structure
16.5 The hysteresis loop
16.6 Soft magnetic materials
16.7 Hard magnetic materials
17 Dielectric Materials
17.1 Polarization
17.2 Temperature and frequency effects
17.3 Electric Breakdown
17.4 ferroelectric materials