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CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIALS

Preface to the second edition

Preface to the first edition

1 Introduction

Materials and methods-A historical perspective

Materials and types

Civil engineering materials

Forces,loads,and stresses

Strain

Stiffness

Ductile and brittle materials

Selection of materials

Standards

Problems

2 Aggregates

Rocks

Some common rocks and rock minerals

Types of aggregates

Based on source or method of manufacture

Based on size

Based on density

Properties of aggregates

Specific gravity and moisture content

Bulk density and voids

Modulus of elasticity and strength

Gradation and fineness modulus

Other properties

Examples

Testing

Problems

 

3 Concrete and other

Cementitious materials

Types of cement

Hydraulic cement

Nonhydraulic  cement

Various cementitious materials

Uses of concrete

Portland cement

Manufacture

Cement chemistry

Types of Portland cement

Fineness

Strength of cement

Consistency of cement

Hydration

Setting

Hardening

Properties of concrete

Properties of fresh concrete

Factors affecting consistency and workability

Segregation and bleeding

Mixing, placing, and curing

Pumping and placing

Concrete tools

Finishing and types of finishes

Curing

Properties of hardened concrete

Compressive strength

Tensile strength

Flexural strength

Stress-strain diagram and modulus of elasticity

Examples

Shrinkage

Creep

Carbonation

Durability

Alkali-aggregate reaction

Sulfate attack

Freeze-thaw cycle

Corrosion

Mix proportioning and design

Mix design

Mix design procedure

Examples of mix design

Admixtures

Chemical admixtures

Mineral admixtures or pozzolans

Types of concrete

Reinforced concrete

Prestressed and precast concrete

Fiber-reinforced concrete

Lightweight concrete

High-strength and high-performance concrete

Examples

Other cementations materials

Plaster and stucco

Mortar

Grout

Shotcrete

Soil cement

Pervious concrete and cement-bonded particleboard

Testing

Problems

 

4 Masonry

Masonry units

Clay bricks and structural clay tiles

Manufacture of bricks

Grades and types

Sizes of bricks

Properties of bricks

Concrete masonry units

Types and grades of concrete masonry units

Properties of concrete masonry units

Mortar,grout ,and plaster

Line and line mortar

Mortar for unit masonry

Mixing and properties of mortar

Grout and its uses

Plaster

Masonry  construction

Types of bond

Types of joints

Control joints and expansion joints

Properties of masonry

Efflorescence

Reinforced masonry

Mix proportioning and examples

Testing

Problems

 

5 Wood and wood products

Structures of wood

Chemical composition of wood

Types of wood

Physical properties of wood

Moisture content

Density and specific gravity

Examples

Defects

Shrinkage and seasoning

Shrinkage

Seasoning

Treatment and durability

Decay and destruction

Lumber sizes

Use classification and lumber grading

Dimension ,decking and timbers

Moisture content classification and grade stamp

Moisture content classification

Grading

Mechanical properties and allowable values

Effect of slope of grain

Strength ratio and In-grade testing

Examples

Wood products

Glulam

Plywood

Other panel products

Manufactured components

Creep

Wood construction

 

6 Bituminous materials and mixtures

Tars and pitches

Asphalts

Petroleum asphalts

Asphalt cement

Cutback asphalts

Emulsified and blown asphalt

Properties of asphalt

Consistency

Specific gravity

Durability

Rate of curing

Resistance to action of water

Ductility and adhesion

Temperature susceptibility

Hardening and aging

Asphalt grades

Viscosity and penetration grading

Performance-based grading

Cutback asphalt grades

Asphalt concrete

Aggregates

Types of asphalt concrete

Asphalt pavement

Elements of flexible pavement

Stabilization

Spray application

Testing

Problems

 

7 Iron and steel

Iron

Cast iron and wrought iron

Steel

Steel products

Properties of steel

Structural steel

Structural steel

Structural grades

Reinforcing steel

Grades and types

Handling

Welded wire fabric

Grades

Sizes

Uses

Epoxy-coated reinforcing steel

Testing

Problems

 

8 Plastics and soils

Plastics

Types of plastics

Properties of plastics

General properties

Modified plastics

Uses of plastics

Soils

Types and properties of rocks

Types of soil

Soil classification systems

Strength properties of soils

Particle size

Unit weight

Moisture content

Degree of saturation

Void ratio

Porosity

Particle shape

Specific gravity

Uses of soil

References and further reading

Index