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HIGH RISE STRUCTURES
Contents
Preface
Chapter-1 RC highrise buildings in seismic areas
Hiroyuki aoyama
Evolution of RC highrise buildings
Historic background
Technology examination at the building center
Of japan
Increase of highrise RC and the new RC project
Structural planning
Plan of buildings
Structural systems
Elevation of buildings
Typical structural members
Material and construction
Concrete
Reinforcement
Use of precast elements
Preassemblage of reinforcement cage
Re-bar splices and anchorage
Concrete placement
Construction management
Seismic design
Basic principles
Design criteria and procedure
Design seismic loads
Required ultimate load carrying capacity
First phase design
Second phase design
Calculation of ultimate load carrying capacity
Ductility of girders
Column strength and ductility
Beam-column joints
Minimum requirements
Imaginary accident
Experimental verification
Earthquake response analysis
Linear analysis
Nonlinear lumped mass analysis
Nonlinear frame analysis
Input earthquake motions
Damping
Results of response analysis
For future development
Factors contributed to high-rise RC development
Need for higher strength materials
Chapter-2 The new RC project
Hisahiro hiraishi
Background of the project
Target of the project
Organization for the project
Outline of results
Outline of results
Development of materials for high strength RC
Development of construction standard
Development of structural performance evaluation
Development of structural design
Feasibility studies for new RC buildings
Dissemination of results
Chapter-3 New RC materials
Michihiko shiohara
High strength concrete
Material and mix of high strength concrete
Cement
Aggregate
Chemical admixtures
Mineral admixtures
Mix design
Properties of high strength concrete
Workability
Standard test method for compressive strength
Mechanical properties
Drying shrinkage and creep
Durability
Fire resistance
Strength reinforcing bars
Reinforcing committee
Advantages and problems of high strength re-bars
Relationship of new re-bars to current JIS
Processed standards for high strength Re-bars
General outlines
Specified yield strength
Strain at yield plateau
Yield ratio
Elongation and bendability
Method of manufacture and chemical component
Fire resistance and durability
Effect of high temperature
Corrosion resistance
Splice
Mechanical properties of reinforced concrete
Bond and anchorage
Beam bar anchorage in exterior joints
Bond anchorage in interior joints
Flexural bond resistance of beam bars
Lateral confinement
Stress-strain relationship of confined concrete
Upper limit of stress in lateral reinforcement
Buckling of axial re-bars
Concrete under plane stress condition
Biaxial loading test of plain concrete plate
Tests of reinforced concrete plate under In-plane
Shear
Chapter -4 New RC structural elements
Takashi kaminosno
Introduction
Beams and columns
Bond-splitting failure of beams after yielding
Slab effect on flexural behavior of beams
Deformation capacity of columns after yielding
Columns subjected to bidirectional flexure
Vertical splitting of columns under
High axial compression
Shear strength of columns
Shear strength of beams
Walls
Flexural capacity of shear-compression failure
Type walls
Deformation capacity of walls under bidirectional
Loadings
Shear strength of slender walls
Beam-column joints
Bond in the interior beam-column joints
Shear capacity of 3-D joints under
Bidirectional loading
Shear capacity of exterior joints
Concrete strength difference between first story
Column and foundation
Method of structural performance evaluation
Restoring force characteristics of beams
Initial stiffness
Flexural cracking
Yield defection
Flexural strength
Limiting defection
Equivalent viscous damping
Deformation capacity of columns
Flexural compression failure
Bond splitting along axial bars
Shear failure in the hinge zone after yielding
Shear strength of beams and columns
Flexural strength of walls
Shear-strength of beam-column joints
Connections of first story column to foundation
Bearing stress
Splitting stress
Strengthening
Concluding remarks
Chapter- 5 finite element analysis
Hiroshi noguchi
Fundamentals of FEM
FEM and reinforced concrete
History of finite element analysis of
Reinforced concrete
Modeling of RC
Two-dimensional analysis and three-dimensional
Analysis
Modeling of concrete
Modeling of reinforcement
Modeling of cracks
Modeling of bond between reinforcement and concrete
FEM of RC members using high
Strength materials
Comparative analysis of beams, panels and
Shear walls
Material constitutive laws
Uniaxial compressive stress-strain curves of concrete
Compressive strength reduction coefficient of cracked concrete
Confinement effect of concrete
Biaxial effect of concrete
Tension stiffening characteristics of concrete
Shear stiffness of a crack plane
Cracking strength
Stress-strain relationship of reinforcement
Dowel action of reinforcement
Bond characteristics
Analytical models and analytical results
Analysis of beam test specimens
Analysis of panel specimens
Analysis of shear walls
Conclusions
FEM parametric analysis of high strength beams
Objectives and methods
The effect of shear reinforcement ratio
Effects of concrete confinement models with a
Constant value of Pw Qwy
Conclusions
FEM parametric analysis of high strength columns
Objectives and methods
Analytical results
Conclusions
FEM parametric analysis of high strength
Beam-column joints
Objectives and methods
Comparison between test and analytical results
Results of parametric analysis
Conclusions
FEM parametric analysis of high strength walls
Objectives and methods
Outline of research
Analytical results and discussions
FEM parametric analysis of high strength panels
Objectives and methods
Analytical results and summary
Chapter-6 structural design principles
Masaomi tehigawara
Features of new RC structural design guidelines
Earthquake resistance design in three stages
Proposal of design earthquake motion
Bidirectional and vertical earthquake motions
Clarification of required safety
Variation of material strength and accuracy
In strength evaluation
Structural design of foundation and s
Oil-structure interaction
Earthquake resistant design criteria
Design earthquake intensity
Design drift limitations
Design criteria
Design criteria
Design earthquake motion
Characteristics of earthquake motion
New RC earthquake motion
Relation of model and earthquake motion
Fixed base model
Sway-rocking model
Soil-foundation-structure interaction model
Restoring force characteristics of members
Dependable and upper bound strengths
Member modeling
Hysteresis
Direction of seismic design
Design forces in arbitrary direction
Bidirectional earthquake input
Effect of vertical motion
Foundation structure
Design examples
60-story space frame apartment building
40-story double tube and code-in-tube
Office buildings
Double tube structure
Core-in-tube structure
Medium rise office buildings
15-story space frame ,25 story
Space frame
Chapter- 7 Earthquake response analysis
Toshimi kabeyasawa
Earthquake response analysis in seismic design
Structural model
Three-dimensional frame model
Two –dimensional frame model
Multimass model
Soil-structure model
Member models
One-component model for beam
Multiaxial spring model for column
Wall model
Nonlinear response of SDF system
Displacement-based design procedure
Correlation of nonlinear response to
Linear response
Numerical analysis
Numerical analysis of equation of motion
Release of unbalanced force
Chapter-8 constriction of new RC structures
Yoshihiro masuda
Introduction
Full scale construction testing
Objectives
Outline of construction testing
Concrete mix
Reinforcement construction
Concrete construction
Fresh concrete
Construction of column specimens
Construction of frame specimen
Measurement of internal temperature
Strength development
Observation of cracks on frame specimen
Conclusion
Construction standards for new RC
General provisions
Reinforcement
Formwork
Concrete
General
Concrete quality
Material
Mix
Manufacture of concrete
Placing and surface finishing
Curing
Compressive strength inspection
Chapter-9 feasibility studies and examples buildings
Hideo fujitani
Highrise flat slab buildings
Highrise flat slab condominium with core walls
Highrise flat slab condominium with curved walls
Megastructures
OP200 straight type
OP300 straight type
OP300 tapered type
BR200 K-brace type
BR300 x-Brace type
Concluding remarks
A box column structure for thermal power plant
Example buildings
Index